Aluminum oxide (Al2O3), also known as alumina, corundum, sapphire, or ruby, is one of the best insulators used in a wide range of applications: in electronic components, as a support material for ...

Each month has at least one representative gemstone. Here's what you need to know about September's birthstone.

Sapphire is September's birthstone. This gem belongs to the corundum family. Corundum is inherently colorless, according to the International Gem Society. So, each stone's elemental structure ...

LARGE crystals of corundum have been grown for many years by the flame-fusion process originated by Verneuil 1. Crystals coloured by small amounts of chromium, titanium, vanadium and other ...

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Glittering blue sapphires, so suggestive of piercing cold, have remarkably hot origins deep beneath the surface. For years, sapphires been turned up in volcanic deposits such as the Volcanic Eifel, ...