The desire to be vindicated is as old as history itself because history cannot help but create winners and losers; history ...

In the final weeks of May 1871, French president Adolphe Thiers ordered soldiers to lay waste to the Paris Commune, resulting in massacres across the city. It is impossible to look at French art in ...

Attempting to politically utilise Napoleon in a positive sense can have at times disastrous results – one might reminisce about the attempts by King Louis Phillipe and his Prime Minister Adolphe ...

In the final weeks of May 1871, French president Adolphe Thiers ordered soldiers to lay waste to the Paris Commune, resulting in massacres across the city.