DNA, Iron Age and 100 CE

Celtic Women Ruled Iron Age Britain, 2,000-Year-Old DNA Reveals
When the Romans first entered the British Isles, they found a land ruled by warrior queens and other high-status women – or at least, that’s how Julius Caesar and other witnesses described the situation in this new and strange territory.
Ancient genomes reveal an Iron Age society centered on women
An international team of geneticists, led by those from Trinity College Dublin, has joined forces with archaeologists from Bournemouth University to decipher the structure of British Iron Age society,
Ancient DNA from graves reveals "jaw-dropping" discovery about Iron Age women in U.K., scientists say
Scientists analyzing 2,000-year-old DNA have revealed that a Celtic society in the southern U.K. during the Iron Age was centered around women, a study said.
Society centered around women in UK during Iron Age: Scientists
Julius Caesar, in his account of the Gallic Wars written more than more than century earlier, also described Celtic women participating in public affairs, exercising political influence — and having more than one husband.
Evidence of an Iron Age Society Centered on Women Found in Ancient DNA
Ancient DNA analysis has revealed that an Iron Age community in Dorset, England, was centered around bonds of female-line descent.
Ancient DNA Reveals Women Central to Celtic Britain's Social Networks
New genetic evidence suggests that female family ties were central to social structures in pre-Roman Britain, offering a fresh perspective on Celtic society and its gender dynamics.
Iron Age DNA Reveals Women Dominated Pre-Roman Britain
To compare what was found at Dorset to the rest of Britain, Cassidy and her fellow geneticists at Trinity sifted through the DNA database of dozens of other Iron Age archaeological sites, scattered across the island.
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Scientists Discover Celtic Society Where Men Left Home to Join Their Bride’s Community
DNA extracted from 57 individuals buried in a 2,000-year-old cemetery provides evidence of a "matrilocal" community in Iron ...
Women-centered Celtic society unearthed in 2,000-year-old cemetery
DNA analysis indicates that a Celtic tribe in Iron Age Britain was matrilocal, meaning men relocated to live with women’s ...
Ancient burials reveal ‘remarkable’ women-dominated society in UK. ‘Relatively rare’
The site belonged to a group the Romans named the “Durotriges,” researchers said, and this ethnic group had other settlements ...
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Currency Bars
Currency bars have long been regarded as tokens used by Iron Age tribes in exchange for goods. "For money they use bronze or gold coins, or iron bars of fixed weights." Julius Caesar 54 BC ...
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Ancient DNA Analysis Reveals Women's Central Role in Celtic Society's Social Networks
New analysis shows women were central to social networks in Celtic Britain, with genetic evidence from ancient graves ...