Neural networks are one typical structure on which artificial intelligence can be based. The term neural describes their learning ability, which to some extent mimics the functioning of neurons in our ...

There were some discrepancies between how the AI saw the illusion, though. While humans can 'freeze' any specific circle by ...

EPFL researchers have published a programmable framework that overcomes a key computational bottleneck of optics-based artificial intelligence systems. In a series of image classification experiments, ...

Research on ONNs began as early as the 1960s. To clearly illustrate the development history of ONNs, this review presents the evolution of related research work chronologically at the beginning of the ...

Our eyes can frequently play tricks on us, but scientists have discovered that some artificial intelligence can fall for the ...

A technical paper titled “Training neural networks with end-to-end optical backpropagation” was published by researchers at University of Oxford and Lumai Ltd. “Optics is an exciting route for the ...

A team of researchers at Penn State have devised a new, streamlined approach to designing metasurfaces, a class of engineered ...

Layered metasurfaces trained as optical neural networks enable multifunctional holograms and security features, integrating neural computation principles with nanostructured optics to create a ...

The idea of optical computing—the use of photons instead of electrons to perform computational operations—has been around for decades. However, interest has resurged in recent years; the potential for ...

The first to attempt to calculate the speed of light was made in 1638, albeit unsuccessfully, by the “polymath from Pisa” Galileo Galilei, an Italian physicist, astronomer, natural philosopher, ...