The gastric proton pump, also known as H+,K+-ATPase, is expressed on the surface of the stomach to secrete the gastric acid indispensable for digestion of proteins in food. However, too much acid ...

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of our cells, generating energy that supports life. A giant molecular proton pump, called complex I, is crucial: It sets in motion a chain of reactions, creating a ...

A team of specialists in nano-sized rotational motors have directly visualized the process of pumping sodium ions, enabling them to explain why there had up until now appeared to be a structural ...

New research takes a page from the field of renewable energy and shows that genetically engineered mitochondria can convert light energy into chemical energy that cells can use, ultimately extending ...

The chemical ATP, adenosine triphosphate, is the fuel that powers all life. Despite ATP's central role, the structure of the enzyme generating ATP, F1Fo-ATP synthase, in mammals, including humans, has ...

Engineered microbes are standard production vehicles in biomanufacturing, but the demands on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an energy source to fuel both microbial growth and chemical synthesis ...